| Chemical Abstract Number (CAS #) |
101553
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| Synonyms | 4-Bromophenyl phenyl ether |
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1-Bromo-4-phenoxybenzene | Benzene, 1-bromo-4-phenoxy- |
| Analytical Methods |
EPA Method 611 |
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EPA Method 625 |
EPA Method 8110 |
EPA Method 8250A |
| Molecular Formula | C12H9BrO |
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| Use | RESEARCH CHEMICAL
Used as flame retardant additives in polymers. Former use
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| Boiling Point | 310.1 DEG C @ 760 MM HG
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| Melting Point | 18.7 DEG C
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| Molecular Weight | 249.11
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| Density | 1.4208 @ 20 DEG C/4 DEG C
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| Environmental Impact | The source of release of 4-bromophenyl phenyl ether which has been detected in
drinking and surface waters is not clear; however, it may be possible that 4-bromophenyl phenyl
ether is formed during chlorination treatment of sewage and drinking water. If released to water,
4-bromophenyl phenyl ether may adsorb significantly to sediment and suspended material. If
strong adsorption is occurring, volatilization from water may not be important. However, in the
absence of strong adsorption, volatilization half lives of 16.5 and 185 hrs can be estimated for a
model river and environmental pond, respectively. A potential for significant bioconcentration in
aquatic organisms may be possible based on an estimated Log Kow of 5.243. If released to soil,
significant leaching is not expected to occur due to strong soil adsorption. A single
biodegradation study suggests that 4-bromophenyl phenyl ether is resistant to biodegradation. If
released to the atmosphere, 4-bromophenyl phenyl ether is expected to exist primarily in the
gas-phase where it will degrade relatively rapidly by reaction with photochemically formed
hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction can be estimated to be about 1.3 days in average
air. The general population may be exposed to 4-bromophenyl phenyl ether through consumption
of contaminated drinking water.
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| Environmental Fate | TERRESTRIAL FATE: Based on a Koc value of 17000, which was estimated from a
Log Kow of 5.243(1,2,SRC), 4-bromophenyl phenyl ether is not expected to leach significantly in
most soil systems. No data are available pertaining to chemical degradation processes for
4-bromophenyl phenyl ether in soil. A single biodegradation study suggests that 4-bromophenyl
phenyl ether is resistant to biodegradation .
AQUATIC FATE: Adsorption to sediment and volatilization may be important environmental
fate processes for 4-bromophenyl phenyl ether in water. Based on a Koc value of 17000, which
was estimated from a log Kow of 5.243(1,2,SRC), significant partitioning from the water column
to sediment and suspended material is possible. If the effects of adsorption are not considered,
volatilization half-lives of 16.5 and 185 hrs can be estimated from a model river and
environmental pond, respectively(2,3,SRC). With strong adsorption occurring, the volatilization
half-life from the pond can be estimated to be 60 months(3,SRC). The relative importance of
volatilization is therefore dependent upon the existent of adsorption. The estimated log Kow of
5.243 also suggests a potential for significant bioconcentration in aquatic organisms. A single
biodegradation study suggests that 4-bromophenyl phenyl ether is resistant to biodegradation .
Aquatic hydrolysis and oxidation (via singlet oxygen and peroxy radicals) are not important .
ATMOSPHERIC FATE: Based on an extrapolated vapor pressure of 0.0015 mm Hg at 20 deg
C(1,SRC), 4-bromophenyl phenyl ether can be expected to exist almost entirely in the vapor
phase in the ambient atmosphere(2,SRC). Vapor phase 4-bromophenyl phenyl ether is expected to
be degraded relatively rapidly in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically formed
hydroxyl radicals(3,SRC); the half-life for this reaction in average air has been estimated to be
approximately 1.3 days(3,SRC).
AQUATIC FATE: No information was found in the reviewed literature that would indicate
hydrolysis as an aquatic fate for this cmpd. It is considered to be unlikely that any of the
covalent bonds of 4-bromophenyl phenyl ether will hydrolyze at ambient environmental
conditions, since the negative charge-density of the aromatic ring will impede the nucleophilic
attack of water or hydroxide ion.
AQUATIC FATE: No information was found in the reviewed literature that would support any
role for oxidn of this cmpd as an aquatic fate. Indirect photolysis involving interaction of hydroxyl
radical with the aromatic ring, is considered to be too slow in water to be environmentally
significant for this cmpd. It is at present uncertain how much of this pollutant will volatilize into
the atmosphere from surface waters. Any 4-bromophenyl phenyl ether that enters into the
troposphere will be subject to photodegradation & reprecipitation with rain. The proposed/
atmospheric half-life of unsubstituted benzene is 2.4 to 24 hr. A halogen substituent on an
aromatic ring should decrease its susceptibility to photodegradation in the troposphere. Although
the electron donating resonance effect of an oxygen substituent should facilitate destruction, it is
uncertain how the presence of both groups will affect the atmospheric destruction of
4-bromophenyl phenyl ether.
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| Drinking Water Impact | SURFACE WATER: In an analysis of the US EPA STORET Data Base,
4-bromophenyl phenyl ether was positively detected in 0.1% of 840 water observation points at a
median concn below 10 ppb . 4-Bromophenyl phenyl ether has been qualitatively detected in
raw water taken from the mississippi river (in LA) in 1970
DRINKING WATER: 4-Bromophenyl phenyl ether has been qualitatively detected in raw and
finished drinking water taken from the Mississippi R (in LA) in 1970, in finished drinking water
collected in Cincinnati, OH in Jan 1976, and in unspecified finished drinking water (from the
USA) collected in July 1975 .
EFFL: In an analysis of the US EPA STORET Data Base, 4-bromophenyl phenyl ether was
positively detected in 1.2% of 1243 water observation points at a median concn below 10 pp .
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