| Use | USE: ACCELERATOR IN VULCANIZING
RUBBER; TANNING; MFR DETERGENT SOAPS; ATTRACTING BOLL WEEVILS TO
EXTERMINATE THEM /FORMER USE/; REAGENT FOR MAGNESIUM
CHEM INTERMED FOR DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE (SOLVENT FOR ACRYLIC FIBERS),
DIMETHYLACETAMIDE (SOLVENT FOR ACRYLIC FIBERS), LAURYL
DIMETHYLAMINE OXIDE (SURFACTANT); DIMETHYLAMINE SALT OF 2,4-D;
UNSYMMETRICAL DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE
ACID GAS ABSORBENT; ANTIOXIDANTS; DYES; FLOTATION AGENT; GASOLINE
STABILIZERS; PHARMACEUTICALS; ELECTROPLATING; MISSILE FUELS;
PESTICIDE PROPELLANT; ROCKET PROPELLANTS; TEXTILE CHEMICALS;
DEHAIRING AGENT; SURFACTANTS
Use as photographic chemical, plasticizer, and ion exchange agent; use as an antiknock agent in
fuels
| Apparent Color | Colorless Gas
|
|---|
| Odor | Fishy; strongly ammoniacal
|
|---|
| Boiling Point | 7.4 DEG C
|
|---|
| Melting Point | -93 DEG C
|
|---|
| Molecular Weight | 45.08
|
|---|
| MISC | 0.680 AT 0 DEG C/4 DEG C
SHPN: UN 1032; Dimethylamine, anhydrous
STCC: 49 055 10; Dimethylamine, anhydrous
HAZN: U092; A toxic waste when a discarded commercial chemical product or manufacturing
chemical intermediate or an off-specification commercial chemical product or a manufacturing
chemical intermediate.
MFG: REACTION OF AMMONIA AND METHANOL OVER DEHYDRATING
CATALYSTS AT 300-500 DEG C
... FROM METHANOL PLUS AMMONIA: SMITH, US PATENT 2,456,599 (1948 TO
COMMERCIAL SOLVENTS); SERBAN, REV CHIM (BUCHAREST) 14, 451 (1963);
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS 60, 5097B (1964); BY CATALYTIC HYDROGENATION OF
NITROSODIMETHYLAMINE: LIVERING, MAURY, BRITISH PATENT 797,483 (1958 TO
HERCULES POWDER CO).
IMPORT: Ammonia not more than 1% by wt of sol; formaldehyde, not more than 0.5% by wt of
sol
FORM: GRADES: TECHNICAL (ANHYDROUS; 25% AND 40% AQ SOLN); 99%.
60% solution [R1, p.74]
It is usually marketed in compressed liquid form in tubes or as a 33% aq soln
MFGRS: AIR PRODUCTS AND CHEMS, INC, PENSACOLA, FA
COMMERCIAL SOLVENTS CORP, TERRE HAUTE, IN
E I DU PONT DE NEMOURS & CO, INC, BIOCHEMS DEPT, BELLE, WV, LA PORTE, TX
GAF Corporation, Chemical Division, Calvert City, KY 42029
Rohm & Haas Company, Independence Mall West, Philadelphia, PA 19105
International Minerals & Chemicals Corp, Industries Chemicals Div, 421 E Hawley St,
Mundelein, IL 60060 (312) 566-2600 [R2, p.277]
Matheson Gas Products, 30 Seaview Dr, Secaucus, NJ 07094 (201) 867-4100 [R1, p.215]
Union Carbide Corp, Linde Div, 39 Old Ridgebury Rd, Danbury, CT 06817-0001 (203) 794-5300
[R1, p.215]
OMIN: METHOD OF SEPARATION: AZEOTROPIC OR EXTRACTIVE DISTILLATION.
IT IS USUALLY MARKETED IN COMPRESSED LIQUID FORM IN TUBES OR AS 33%
AQ SOLN.
CONSUMPTION: 50% IS USED AS AN INT FOR DIMETHYLFORMAMIDE AND
DIMETHYLACETAMIDE (SPINNING SOLVENTS FOR ACRYLIC FIBERS); 15% AS AN
INT FOR LAURYL DIMETHYLAMINE OXIDE (SURFACTANT); 15% AS AN INT FOR
RUBBER CHEM INCL THIURAM ACCELERATORS; AND 20% FOR OTHER
APPLICATIONS INCL USE AS AN INT FOR THE DIMETHYLAMINE SALT OF
2,4-DICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID AND UNSYMMETRICAL
DIMETHYLHYDRAZINE (1972)
CHEMICAL PROFILE: Methylamines. Di: dimethylformamide and acetamide, 55%; water
treatment, 10%; pesticides, 10%; surfactants, 10%; other, 15%. [R3]
CHEMICAL PROFILE: Methylamines. Demand: 1987: 190 million lb; 1988: 195 million lb; 1992
/projected/: 205 million lb (Foreign trade is small). /Methylamines/ [R3]
PROD: (1972) 4.36X10+10 G
(1974) 5.30X10+10 G
(1981) 77,538X10+3 lb
(1984) 3.22X10+10 g [R4]
(1985) 65,904 X10+3 lb [R2, p.264]
IMPT: (1972) ND
(1975) ND
(1986) ND
EXPT: (1972) 2.39X10+9 G
(1975) 3.68X10+7 G (TOTAL METHYLAMINES)
(1986) ND
COLOR: GAS @ ORDINARY TEMP ; Colorless gas /Anhydrous/
ODOR: Fishy; strongly ammoniacal
BP: 7.4 DEG C
MP: -93 DEG C
MW: 45.08
CORROSIVITY: Liquid dimethylamine will attack some forms of plastics, rubber, and coatings
Critical temp= 164.6 deg C; Critical pressure= 52.4 atm
DEN: 0.680 @ 0 DEG C/4 DEG C
DSC: pKa= 10.732; Ka= 1.85x10-11 at 25 deg C ; pKb= 3.32; pKa= 10.68
HTC: -416.7 kgcal/g mol wt @ 20 deg C
HTV: 6,660.0 gcal/gmole
PH: AQUEOUS SOLN OF DIMETHYLAMINE ARE HIGHLY ALKALINE, LIKE
AMMONIA.
SOL: VERY SOL IN WATER ; SOL IN ETHANOL, ETHER ; 520 cc/cc aniline at 1 atm and 20
deg C ; 252 cc/cc anisole at 1 atm and 20 deg C ; 528 cc/cc benzyl alc at 1 atm and 20 deg C ;
598 cc/cc iso-butanol at 1 atm and 20 deg C ; 504 cc/cc n-butanol at 1 atm and 20 deg C ; 106
cc/cc cedrene at 1 atm and 20 deg C ; 174 cc/cc alpha-chloronaphthalene at 1 atm and 20 deg C ;
182 cc/cc cymene at 1 atm and 20 deg C ; 116 cc/cc decahydronaphthalene at 1 atm and 20 deg C
; 457 cc/cc diacetone alc at 1 atm and 20 deg C ; 154 cc/cc dibenzylether at 1 atm and 20 deg C ;
252 cc/cc o-dichlorobenzene at 1 atm and 20 deg C ; 497 cc/cc diethanolamine at 1 atm and 20
deg C ; 180 cc/cc diethylaniline at 1 atm and 20 deg C ; 588 cc/cc diethylene glycol mono-ethyl
ether at 1 atm and 20 deg C ; 230 cc/cc dimethylaniline at 1 atm and 20 deg C ; 187 cc/cc
dimethylcyclohexylamine at 1 atm and 20 deg C ; 298 cc/cc dimethylformamide at 1 atm and 20
deg C ; 727 cc/cc ethanol at 1 atm and 20 deg C ; 860 cc/cc ethylene glycol at 1 atm and 20 deg
C ; 679 cc/cc furfuryl alc at 1 atm and 20 deg C ; 992 cc/cc methanol at 1 atm and 20 deg C ; 439
cc/cc methylcyclohexanol at 1 atm and 20 deg C ; 379 cc/cc monoethanolamine at 1 atm and 20
deg C ; 324 cc/cc monoethylaniline at 1 atm and 20 deg C ; 406 cc/cc monomethylaniline at 1 atm
and 20 deg C ; 580 cc/cc morpholine at 1 atm and 20 deg C ; 226 cc/cc nitrobenzene at 1 atm and
20 deg C ; 221 cc/cc o-nitrotoluene at 1 atm and 20 deg C ; 156 cc/cc pinene at 1 atm and 20 deg
C ; 600 cc/cc n-propanol at 1 atm and 20 deg C ; 212 cc/cc quinoline at 1 atm and 20 deg C ; 170
cc/cc tetrahydronaphthalene at 1 atm and 20 deg C ; 430 cc/cc o-toluidine at 1 atm and 20 deg C ;
488 cc/cc triethylene glycol at 1 atm and 20 deg C ; 722 cc/cc trimethylene glycol at 1 atm and 20
deg C
SPEC: MAX ABSORPTION: 190.5 NM (LOG E= 3.51); 222 NM (LOG E= 2.0) ; INDEX OF
REFRACTION: 1.350 @ 17 DEG C/D ; IR: 1140 (Sadtler Research Laboratories Prism
Collection) ; MASS: 14 (Atlas of Mass Spectral Data, John Wiley & Sons, New York)
SURF: 18.1 dynes/cm in contact with nitrogen at 0 deg C; 17.7 dynes/cm in contact with nitrogen
at 5 deg C
VAPD: 1.6 (air= 1)
VAP: 2 ATM AT 10 DEG C
EVAP: Greater than 1 (Butyl acetate= 1)
CONVERSION FACTOR: 1 MG/L EQUALS 542 PPM; 1 PPM EQUALS 1.84 MG/CU
M
MP: 171 DEG C; LEAFLETS; VERY SOL IN WATER; SOL IN ALCOHOL &
CHLOROFORM; PRACTICALLY INSOL IN ETHER; DELIQUESCENT
/DIMETHYLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE/
Heat of fusion: 31.51 cal/g= 131.84 J/g= 5,943 J/mol
Ratio of specific heats of vapor: 1.139; heat of solution: -515 Btu/lb= -286 cal/g= -12.0X10+5
J/kg
Saturated liquid density: 42.110 lb/cu ft; liquid heat capacity: 0.731 Btu/lb-F (all at 40 deg F)
Saturated vapor pressure: 29.990 lb/sq in; saturated vapor density: 0235505 lb/cu ft; ideal gas
heat capacity: 0.364 Btu/lb-F (all at 75 deg F)
Amines tends to be fat soluble /Amines/
DOT: Fire or Explosion: Extremely flammable; may be ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors
may travel to a source of ignition and flash back. Container may explode in heat of fire. Vapor
explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. /Dimethylamine, anhydrous/
Health Hazards: If inhaled, may be harmful. Vapor extremely irritating; contact causes burns to
skin and eyes. Contact with liquid may cause frostbite. Fire may produce irritating or poisonous
gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. /Dimethylamine, anhydrous/
Emergency Action: Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay
upwind; keep out of low areas. Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and structural
firefighter's protective clothing will provide limited protection. Evacuate the leak or spill area
immediately for at least 50 feet in all directions. Isolate for 1/2 mile in all directions if tank car or
truck is involved in fire. CALL CHEMTREC AT 1-800-424-9300 FOR EMERGENCY
ASSISTANCE. If water pollution occurs, notify the appropriate authorities. /Dimethylamine,
anhydrous/
Fire: Let tank car, tank truck or storage tank burn unless leak can be stopped; with smaller tanks
or cylinders, extinguish/isolate from other flammables. Small Fires: Dry chemical, CO2 or Halon.
Large Fires: Water spray, fog or standard foam is recommended. Move container from fire area if
you can do it without risk. Cool containers that are exposed to flames with water from the side
until well after fire is out. Stay away from ends of tanks. For massive fire in cargo area, use
unmanned hose holder or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire
burn. Withdraw immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety device or any
discoloration of tank due to fire. /Dimethylamine, anhydrous/
Spill or Leak: Shut off ignition sources; no flares, smoking or flames in hazard area. Stop leak if
you can do it without risk. Use water spray to reduce vapors; isolate area until gas has dispersed.
/Dimethylamine, anhydrous/
First Aid: Move victim to fresh air and call emergency medical care; if not breathing, give artificial
respiration; if breathing is difficult, give oxygen. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and
shoes at the site. In case of contact with material, immediately flush skin or eyes with running
water for at least 15 minutes. Keep victim quiet and maintain normal body temperature.
/Dimethylamine, anhydrous/
Fire or Explosion: Flammable/combustible material; may be ignited by heat, sparks or flames.
Vapors may travel to a source of ignition and flash back. Container may explode in heat of fire.
Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or
explosion hazard. /Dimethylamine soln/
Health Hazards: May be poisonous if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Vapors may cause
dizziness or suffocation. Contact may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire may produce irritating or
poisonous gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution. /Dimethylamine
soln/
Emergency Action: Keep unnecessary people away; isolate hazard area and deny entry. Stay
upwind; keep out of low areas. Self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and structural
firefighter's protective clothing will provide limited protection. Isolate for 1/2 mile in all directions
if tank car or truck is involved in fire. CALL CHEMTREC AT 1-800-424-9300 FOR
EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE. If water pollution occurs, notify the appropriate authorities.
/Dimethylamine soln/
Fire: Small Fires: Dry chemical, CO2, Halon, water spray or alcohol foam. Large Fires: Water
spray, fog or alcohol foam is recommended. Move container from fire area if you can do it
without risk. Cool containers that are exposed to flames with water from the side until well after
fire is out. Stay away from ends of tanks. For massive fire in cargo area, use unmanned hose
holder or monitor nozzles; if this is impossible, withdraw from area and let fire burn. Withdraw
immediately in case of rising sound from venting safety device or any discoloration of tank due to
fire. /Dimethylamine soln/
Spill or Leak: Shut off ignition sources; no flares, smoking or flames in hazard area. Stop leak if
you can do it without risk. Water spray may reduce vapor; but it may not prevent ignition in
closed spaces. Small Spills: Take up with sand or other noncombustible absorbent material and
place into containers for later disposal. Large Spills: Dike far ahead of liquid spill for later
disposal. /Dimethylamine soln/
First Aid: Move victim to fresh air and call emergency medical care; if not breathing, give artificial
respiration; if breathing is difficult, give oxygen. In case of contact with material, immediately
flush eyes with running water for at least 15 minutes. Wash skin with soap and water. Remove
and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes at the site. /Dimethylamine soln/
Initial Isolation & Evacuation Distances: For a spill or leak from a drum or small container (or
small leak from tank): Isolate in all directions 150 feet. For a large spill from a tank (or from many
containers or drums): First isolate in all directions 300 feet; then, evacuate in a downwind
direction 0.8 miles wide and 1.5 miles long. /Dimethylamine, anhydrous/
LIQ SOLN ARE FLAMMABLE.
Very dangerous; when exposed to heat of flame ...
Contact with strong oxidizers, chlorine, and mercury may cause fires ... .
Burning rate: 4.5 mm/min
NFPA: FLAMMABILITY: 4. 4= VERY FLAMMABLE GASES OR VERY VOLATILE
FLAMMABLE LIQ. SHUT OFF FLOW AND KEEP COOLING WATER STREAMS ON
EXPOSED TANKS OR CONTAINERS.
Health: 3. 3= Materials extremely hazardous to health but areas may be entered with extreme
care. Full protective clothing, including self-contained breathing apparatus, coat, pants, gloves,
boots, & bands around legs, arms & waist should be provided. No skin surface should be
exposed.
Reactivity: 0. 0= Materials which (in themselves) are normally stable even under fire exposure
conditions & which are not reactive with water. Normal fire fighting procedures may be used.
FLASHPT: 20 deg F (closed cup)
-6.25 deg C (closed cup)
430 deg C (tightly closed, 25% solution)
AUTO: 752 DEG F (400 DEG C)
FIRE: STOP FLOW OF GAS. USE WATER TO KEEP FIRE-EXPOSED CONTAINERS
COOL AND TO PROTECT MEN EFFECTING SHUT-OFF. WATER SPRAY, CARBON
DIOXIDE, DRY CHEM AND "ALCOHOL" FOAM CAN BE USED ON FIRES INVOLVING
WATER SOLN OF THE METHYLAMINES.
If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water
in flooding quantities as fog. Apply water from as far a distance as possible.
If material on fire or involved in fire: Do not extinguish fire unless flow can be stopped. Use water
in flooding quantities as fog. Solid streams of water may be ineffective. Cool all affected
containers with flooding quantities of water. Apply water from as far a distance as possible. Use
"alcohol" foam, carbon dioxide, or dry chemical.
Toxic gases and vapors (such as oxides of nitrogen and carbon monoxide) may be
released in a fire ...
. MAY TRAVEL CONSIDERABLE DISTANCE TO SOURCE OF IGNITION AND
FLASH BACK.
EXPLOSION: LOWER 2.8%, UPPER 14.4%.
VAPOR FORMS EXPLOSIVE MIXTURES IN AIR. CONTACT WITH MERCURY CAN
PRODUCE AN EXPLOSIVE REACTION.
Moderate, when exposed to flame.
Contact with strong oxidizers, chlorine ... may cause ... explosions.
REAC: ... Can react vigorously with oxidizing materials.
Incompatabilities: acryaldehyde; fluorine; maleic anhydride
CONTACT WITH MERCURY CAN PRODUCE AN EXPLOSIVE REACTION.
A 2 yr old sample /acrylaldehyde/ stored in a refrigerator close to a bottle of dimethylamine
exploded violently, presumably after absorbing enough volatile amine (which penetrates plastics
closures) to initiate polymerization.
DCMP: When heated to decomp it emits toxic fumes of NOx & CO.
Odor detection in water= 2.32X10+1 ppm (chemically pure)
Odor recognition in air= 4.70X10-2 ppm (chemically pure)
Odor detection in water= 3.10X10+1 ppm (chemically pure)
Odor detection in water= 1.76X10+1 ppm (chemically pure)
Low: 0.0486 mg/cu m; High: 0.0486 mg/cu m [R5]
Vapors are eye, skin, & respiratory irritants.
EQUPMENT: /Wear/ chemical goggles and full face shield, molded rubber acid gloves;
self-contained
breathing apparatus.
Respiratory protection: 1250 ppm or less: A chemical cartridge respirator with a full facepiece and
an cartridge(s) which provide protection against dimethylamine. A gas mask with a chin-style or a
front- or back-mounted canister which provides protection against dimethylamine. Any
supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece, helmet, or hood. Any self-contained breathing
appratus with a full facepiece; 2000 ppm or less: A type C supplied-air respirator with a full
facepiece operated in pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode or with a full facepiece,
helmet, or hood operated in continuous-flow mode; Greater than 2000 ppm or entry and escape
from unknown concentrations: Self-contained breathing apparatus with a full facepiece operated
in pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode or a combination respirator which includes a
type C supplied-air respirator with a full facepiece operated in pressure-demand or other positive
pressure or continuous-flow mode and an auxiliary self-contained breathing apparatus operated in
pressure-demand or other positive pressure mode; Escape: any gas mask providing protection
against dimethylamine or any self-contained breathing apparatus.
Respirators may be used when engineering and work practice controls are not technically
feasible, when such controls are in the process of being installed, or when they fail and need to be
supplemented. Respirators may also be used for operations which require entry into tanks or
closed vessels, and in emergency situations. ... Clothing wet with solutions containing
dimethylamine should be placed in closed containers for storage until it can be discarded or until
provision is made for the removal of dimethylamine from the clothing. If the clothing is to be
laundered or otherwise cleaned to remove the dimethylamine, the person performing the operation
should be informed of dimethylamine's hazardous properties. Where there is any possibility of
exposure of an employee's body to liquid dimethylamine, facilities for quick drenching of the body
should be provided within the immediate work area for emergency use. Non-impervious clothing
which becomes contaminated with liquid solutions of dimethylamine should be removed promptly
and not reworn until the dimethylamine is removed from the clothing. Any clothing which
becomes wet with liquid dimethylamine or liquid solutions of dimethylamine should be removed
immediately and not reworn until the dimethylamine is removed from the clothing. ... Skin that
becomes contaminated with liquid dimethylamine /or solutions containing dimethylamine/ should
be immediately washed or showered to remove any dimethylamine. Employees who handle
dimethylamine or solutions containing dimethylamine should wash their hands thoroughly with
soap or mild detergent and water before eating, smoking, or using toilet facilities.
Local exhaust ventilation should be applied wherever there is an incidence of point source
emmissions or dispersion of regulated contaminants in the work area. Ventilation control of the
contaminant as close to its point of generation is both the most economical and safest method to
minimize personnel exposure to airborne contaminants. [R6]
Contact lenses should not be worn when working with this chemical.
Contact lens use in industry is controversial. A survey of 100 corporations resulted in the
recommendation that each company establish their own contact lens use policy. One presumed
hazard of contact lens use is possible chemical entrapment. Many authors found that contact lens
minimized injury or protected the eye. The eye was afforded more protection from liquid irritants.
The authors concluded that soft contact lens do not worsen corneal damage from strong
chemicals and in some cases could actually protect the eye. Overall, the literature supports the
wearing of contact lenses in industrial environments as part of the standard eye protection, eg face
shields; however, more data are needed to establish the value of contact lenses. [R7]
Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. Do not handle broken packages
without protective equipment. Wash away any material which may have contacted the body with
copious amounts of water or soap and water. Wear self-contained breathing apparatus when
fighting fires involving this material. /Dimethylamine, Anhydrous/
Evacuation: If material leaking (not on fire), downwind evacuation must be considered.
Environmental considerations: Water spill: Use natural barriers or oil spill control booms to limit
spill motion. Use surface active agent (eg detergent, soaps, alcohols) to compress and thicken
spilled material. Inject "universal" gelling agent to solidify encircled spill and increase
effectiveness of booms. Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized masses of
pollutants and precipitates of greater concentration.
Environmental considerations: Air spill: Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors. Vapor
knockdown water is corrosive or toxic and should be diked for containment.
If material not on fire and not involved in fire: Keep sparks, flames, and other sources of ignition
away. Keep material out of water sources and sewers. Build dikes to contain flow as necessary.
Attempt to stop leak if without hazard. Use water spray to disperse vapors and dilute standing
pools of liquid.
Personnel protection: Avoid breathing vapors. Keep upwind. Avoid bodily contact with the
material. Do not handle broken packages without protective equipment. Wash away any material
which may have contacted the body with copious amounts of water or soap and water. Wear
self-contained breathing apparatus when fighting fires involving this material.
Evacuation: If material leaking (not on fire), downwind evacuation must be considered.
SHIP: Whenever hazardous materials are to be transported, Title 49 CFR, Transportation, Parts
100-180, published by the US Dept of Transportation, contain the regulatory requirements and
must be consulted. [R8]
Shipping description: Dimethylamine, anhydrous, IMO 2.3, UN 1032. Label(s) required: Poison
gas, Flammable gas. Acceptable Modes of transportation: Water. [R9]
Int'l Air Shipments: Shipping description: Dimethylamine, anhydrous, IMO 2.3, UN 1032.
Forbidden on passenger and cargo aircraft.
Water shipments: Shipping description: Dimethylamine, anhydrous, IMO 2.3, UN 1032. Label(s)
required: Forbidden. [R10]
STRG: KEEP TIGHTLY CLOSED. /DIMETHYLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE/
PROTECT AGAINST PHYSICAL DAMAGE. OUTSIDE OR DETACHED STORAGE IS
PREFERABLE. INSIDE STORAGE OF LIQ SOLN SHOULD BE IN A STANDARD
FLAMMABLE LIQ ROOM OR CABINET. INSURE AGAINST ACCIDENTAL CONTACT
WITH MERCURY. INSIDE STORAGE OF GAS SHOULD BE IN A COOL,
WELL-VENTILATED, NONCOMBUSTIBLE LOCATION, AWAY FROM ALL POSSIBLE
SOURCES OF IGNITION. SEPARATE FROM OXIDIZING MATERIALS.
/METHYLAMINES/
CLEANUP: 1. Remove all ignition sources. 2. Ventilate area of spill or leak. 3. Stop flow of gas.
If source of leak is a cylinder & the leak cannot be stopped in place, remove the leaking cylinder
to a
safe place in the open air, & repair the leak or allow the cylinder to empty. 4. If in the liquid form,
allow to vaporize.
Environmental considerations: Land spill: Dig a pit, pond, lagoon, or holding area to contain
liquid or solid material. /SRP: If time permits, pits, ponds, lagoons, soak holes, or holding areas
should be contained with a flexible impermeable membrane liner./ Dike surface flow using soil,
sand bags, foamed polyurethane, or foamed concrete. Absorb bulk liquids with fly ash, cement
powder, sawdust, or commercial sorbents. Apply "universal" gelling agent to immobilize spill.
Environmental considerations: Water spill: Use mechanical dredges or lifts to remove immobilized
masses of pollutants and precipitates of greater concentration.
Environmental considerations: Air spill: Apply water spray or mist to knock down vapors. Vapor
knockdown water is corrosive or toxic and should be diked for containment.
DISPOSAL: At the time of review, criteria for land treatment or burial (sanitary landfill) disposal
practices are subject to significant revision. Prior to implementing land disposal of waste residue
(including waste sludge), consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on
acceptable disposal practices.
In a batch experiment with activated sludge from a large-scale plant, the hydrolytic and
biochemical degradation of dimethylformamide (DMF) and its reaction product dimethylamine
(DMA) were investigated under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Parallel to the hydrolysis of
dimethylformamide, the biochemical degradation of DMA occurs. The extensive conversion of
these substrates is followed by the nitrification of the ammonium ion formed. Under subsequent
anaerobic conditions with methanol as the carbon source, denitrification can also be achieved. If
the oxygen supply of the activated sludge is insufficient, however, DMA can be used as a carbon
source for denitrification, ammonium ion being released from DMA. [R11]
A good candidate for rotary kiln incineration at a temperature range of 820 to 1,600 deg C and
residence times of seconds for liquids and gases, and hours for solids. A good candidate for
fluidized bed incineration at a temperature range of 450 to 980 deg C and residence times of
seconds for liquids and gases, and longer for solids. [R12]
Dimethylamine may be disposed of by burning at a safe location or in a suitable combustion
chamber equipped with an appropriate effluent gas cleaning device. Recommendable methods:
Incineration & open burning. Not recommendable methods: Evaporation & landfill. Peer-review:
Small amt only: open burning. (Peer-review conclusions of an IRPTC expert consultation (May
1985))
MEDICAL: ... Employee who is exposed to dimethylamine at potentially hazardous levels ...
should be screened for history of certain medical conditions ... /skin, eye, chronic respiratory
diseases/ which might place the employee at increased risk from dimethylamine exposure. ... Any
employee developing the ... conditions should be referred for further medical exam.
... /IT IS/ IRRITATING TO SKIN AND MUCOUS MEMBRANES.
Irritation of eyes and throat, sneezing, coughing and dyspnea; pulmonary edema; conjunctivitis;
dermatitis; burns of skin and mucous membranes.
... Vision has become misty and halos have appeared several hr after workmen have been exposed
to the vapors of ... amines /incl dimethylamine/ at concn too low to cause discomfort or disability
during several hr of exposure. ... The edema of the corneal epithelium, which is principally
responsible for the disturbance of vision, clears spontaneously by the next day, but after
exceptionally intense exposures the edema and blurring have taken several days to clear and have
been accompanied by photophobia and discomfort from roughness of the corneal surface.
The formation of carcinogenic nitrosamines can ... occur in the stomach when secondary amines,
such as those present in fish, vegetables, and fruit juices, come in contact with nitrite, which is
often used as a food additive in meats and smoked fish.
ANIMALS EXPOSED TO CONCENTRATED VAPOR SHOW SIGNS OF MUCOUS
MEMBRANE AND RESPIRATORY TRACT IRRITATION. EXPOSURES AT SUBLETHAL
CONCN MAY RESULT IN TRACHEITIS, BRONCHITIS, PNEUMONITIS AND
PULMONARY EDEMA. SKIN CONTACT WITH THE LIQUID CAUSES NECROSIS ...
... A NUMBER OF SPECIES OF ANIMALS /WERE EXPOSED/ AT 5 PPM
CONTINUOUSLY FOR 90 DAYS. THERE WERE NO DEATHS AND NO SIGNS OF
TOXICITY; ALL HEMATOLOGIC VALUES WERE NORMAL. ON AUTOPSY ... MILD
INFLAMMATORY CHANGES IN THE LUNGS IN ALL SPECIES & DILATED BRONCHI
IN RABBITS & MONKEYS WERE NOTED.
... GROUPS OF 10 RATS, 6 GUINEA PIGS & 1 RABBIT OF EACH SEX PLUS 5 FEMALE
MICE & 1 MONKEY WERE GIVEN REPEATED 7-HR DAILY EXPOSURES, 5 DAYS/WK
FOR 18-20 WK @ CONCN OF EITHER 183 OR 97 PPM ... CORNEAL INJURY WAS
OBSERVED IN GUINEA PIGS & RABBITS AFTER 9 DAYS ... CENTRAL LOBULAR
FATTY DEGENERATION & NECROSIS OF PARENCHYMAL CELLS OF THE LIVER ...
IN RATS, GUINEA PIGS, RABBITS & MICE. TUBULAR DEGENERATION OF TESTES
WAS OBSERVED IN THE MALE RABBIT @ THE HIGHER CONCN & IN THE MALE
MONKEY @ THE LOWER CONCN.
ANIMAL TOXICITY HAS BEEN ASCRIBED TO ITS CAUSTIC ACTIONS & TO
SYSTEMIC ALKALOSIS.
5% SOLN DROPPED ONCE ON RABBIT EYE CAUSED HEMORRHAGES IN
CONJUNCTIVA, CORNEAL EDEMA, AND SUPERFICIAL OPACITIES. ... A DROP OF
UNDILUTED DIMETHYLAMINE PLACED ON RABBIT'S CORNEA, WITH THE LIDS
THEN CLOSED AND NO IRRIGATION PERFORMED, CAUSED THE CORNEA TO
BECOME WHITISH BLUE & TRANSLUCENT WITHIN FEW SEC, THEN WHITE AS
SCLERA IN A MIN ...
Nitrogenous cmpd were pyrolyzed at 300, 400, 500 and 600 degrees for 3 min, and the mutagenic
activities of the pyrolyzates were assayed on Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100 with or
without metabolic activation by S9 mix. 14 pyrolyzates, incl dimethylamine, showed mutagenic
activity. In the presence of S9 mix, the mutagenic activity began to appear from the pyrolyzate at
400 degrees. The mutagenic pyrolyzates were more active on TA98 than TA100. Some
nitrogenous cmpd showed slight mutagenic activity after pyrolysis at 300 degrees for 20 min,
although none of the cmpd tested showed any mutagenic activity after pyrolysis at 300 degrees
for 3 min. [R13]
Lesions occurring in the respiratory tract of mice after exposure to 10 sensory irritants, at a concn
which elicited a respiratory rate decrease of 50% (RD50), were compared with respect to type
and severity. The RD50 (ppm) of dimethylamine is 511. After exposure of mice for 6 hr/day for 5
days, the respiratory tract was examined for histopathological changes. All irritants produced
lesions in the nasal cavity with a distinct anterior-posterior severity gradient. There was
considerable variation in the extent, severity, and nature of the lesions. The lesions ranged from
slight epithelial hypertrophy or hyperplasia to epithelial erosion, ulceration, and necrosis with
variable inflammation of the subepithelial tissues. [R14]
.. Oral admin of sodium nitrite within 1 hr of oral dimethylamine to mice yield a marked
dose-dependent inhibition of liver nuclear RNA synthesis. No inhibition of nuclear RNA synthesis
was observed when sodium nitrite was given 30 min prior to the dimethylamine. This study
suggests the possibility of in vivo biosynthesis of carcinogenic nitrosamines following ingestion of
nitrites and secondary amines present in food. ... Animals continuously exposed to as little as 9
mg/cu m of dimethylamine showed mild inflammatory changes, primarily in the lungs.
... AFTER ORAL ADMIN OF /DIMETHYLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE/ ... A HIGH
PROPORTION OF DIMETHYLAMINE ... WAS RECOVERED /IN URINE/ ...
Rats were fed a commercial diet containing 23.6 ppm dimethylamine (DMA) or a low- DMA diet
containing 1 ppm DMA for 7 days. Excretion of DMA in urine was 432.6 and 272.5 mug/head
with the commercial diet and low-DMA diet, respectively. DMA was excreted mostly (approx
95%) in urine. The excess excretion of DMA was probably caused by the formation of DMA by
demethylation of trimethylamine in the body. Distribution of DMA in the digestive tract was high
in the stomach and small intestine and low in the cecum and large intestine with the commercial
diet and was low in the stomach and cecum and high in the small intestine with the low-DMA diet
when 1000 mug DMA was force-fed. [R15]
... /DIMETHYLAMINE HAS/ BEEN IDENTIFIED AS NORMAL /CONSTITUENT/ OF
MAMMALIAN & HUMAN URINE.
EXPTL OBSERVATIONS HAVE SHOWN THAT RATE OF ABSORPTION FROM SKIN OF
ANIMALS DEPENDS PRIMARILY UPON SIZE OF AREA INVOLVED & DURATION OF
CONTACT. CONCN OF SOLN APPLIED WAS LESS IMPORTANT FACTOR.
METABOLISM: The intragastric formation of nitrosodimethylamine (NDA) by bacteria existing
in the
gastrointestinal tract of monkey was examined by determining the in vitro formation of
nitrosodimethylamine from nitrite and dimethylamine in the brain-heart-infusion (BHI) medium,
adjusted to pH 6 with gastric juice containing 5000 ppm sodium nitrate and 1000 ppm
dimethylamine. Nitrosodimethylamine formation depended on the activity of the nitrate-reducing
bacteria in the stomach contents of the monkey, and the concn of nitrite was clearly related to the
amount of nitrosodimethylamine. NDA was formed in the brain-heart-infusion medium alone at
pH 5 and 6. The addition of gastric juice to the medium increased the formation of
nitrosodimethylamine. [R16]
The extent of nitrosamine formation and the metabolism of the resultant nitrosamines in vivo were
investigated by using (15)N-stable isotope labeling and by the determination of the isotope ratio in
the expired N. (15)N-labeled dimethylamine (1.1 mmol/kg) and various doses of nonlabeled nitrile
(0.55-2.2 mmol/kg) or labeled nitrile without dimethylamine administered to male rats, which
were placed in an enclosed respiratory system. The system was flushed with a mixture containing
80% He and 20% O, and N content of the recirculating atmosphere was determined. When
labeled dimethylamine and nonlabeled nitrile were administered, nitrile reacted with secondary
amines, followed by enzymic alpha-hydroxylation and decomposition of the ensuing
alkyldiazohydroxide to molecular N and an alkyl cation as ultimate carcinogen. When (15)N
nitrile was administered, N was released (nitrile reacted with primary amines to release molecular
N and formation of the corresponding alcohol or olefin). [R17]
A kinetic model for the formation of N-nitroso cmpd in the human stomach is presented. Data
from a prior study which monitored the pH values and nitrite concn over 24 hr of the gastric
contents of 8 humans on a normal diet were used to demonstrate the model. Nitrosation results
were obtained for dimethylamine. [R18]
The formation of carcinogenic nitrosamines can ... occur in the stomach when secondary amines,
such as those present in fish, vegetables, and fruit juices, come in contact with nitrite, which is
often used as a food additive in meats and smoked fish.
Pancreatic islet homogenates displayed Ca2+-dependent transglutaminase activity.
Dimethylamine inhibited transglutaminase activity and glucose-stimulated insulin release. The
impairment of insulin release by methylamines is not necessarily linked to inhibition of
transglutaminase activity. [R19]
Dimethylamine is produced in large quantities and large amounts of the chemical will be
released, primarily as emissions during its production and use as a chemical intermediate. It also
occurs naturally in food and as a metabolic product. If released on land, dimethylamine should
volatilize and leach into the soil. The chemical would be expected to biodegrade in several weeks.
If released into water, dimethylamine will readily biodegrade (half-life 1.5 days) and also be
removed by volatilization (half-life 35 days in a model river). Adsorption to sediment and
bioconcentration in aquatic organisms will not be appreciable. In the atmosphere, dimethylamine
will react with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals and degrade with a 5.9 hr half-life.
Degradation will be faster in polluted atmospheres. It will also be scavenged by rain.
Dimethylamine is a precursor of dimethylnitrosamine. The latter is formed in the atmosphere in
the presence of nitrogen oxides and in lake water, sewage, and soil in the presence of nitrite ions.
Human occupational exposure to dimethylamine is via inhalation and dermal contact with the gas.
The general public is exposed primarily by ingesting food in which it occurs naturally. (SRC)
Dimethylamine naturally occurs in many foods(2). Volatile from cattle manure(1). [R20]
DIMETHYLAMINE IN RUBBER EXTRACTS (OF RUBBER ARTICLES USED IN
CONTACT WITH FOODS) IS THE DECOMP PRODUCT OF VULCANIZING
ACCELERATORS CONTAINING DIMETHYLAMINO GROUPS. IT CAN BE EXTRACTED
FROM UNALTERED ACCELERATORS IN RUBBER ARTICLES FAIRLY EFFECTIVELY
USING WATER OR 1 N HYDROCHLORIC ACID. [R21]
Dimethylamine is a gas which is produced in large quantities, 65.9 million lbs in 1985(1) and will
be released to the atmosphere during its production and use (% of production) in the manufacture
of the solvents dimethylformamide and dimethylacetamide (50%), water treatment (15%),
surfactants (10%), pesticides (10%) and other uses (24%)(3). The other uses include as an
antioxidant, dyes, floatation agent, gasoline stabilizer, pharmaceuticals, textile chemicals, rubber
accelerators, electroplating, dehairing agent, rocket fuel, and reagent to Mg(4). Based on its 1978
production of 71.8 million lbs, it is estimated that 143,000 lbs of dimethylamine was released into
the atmosphere as process, storage, and fugative emissions and another 71,800 lbs were released
associated with its use as a chemical intermediate(2). Additionally dimethylamine will be released
in wastewater during its production and use(SRC). It is found in emissions from fish processing as
well as in tobacco smoke(5). [R22]
TERRESTRIAL FATE: Dimethylamine is a gas at room temperature with a low
adsorptivity to soil. If released on soil, it will probably volatilize rapidly and leach readily through
the soil. Biodegradation should be the most important degradative process and removal of the
chemical should occur in several weeks. (SRC)
AQUATIC FATE: If released into water, dimethylamine will volatilize slowly (estimated half-life
35 hr in a model river). Biodegradation will be rapid (half-life 1.5 days) and is the most important
removal process in most natural waters. Direct photolysis and adsorption to sediment will not be
significant. However, in water containing nitrite, dimethylnitrosamine is formed photochemically
from dimethylamine especially at higher pH levels. (SRC)
ATMOSPHERIC FATE: Dimethylamine, released into the atmosphere, will react with
photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals (half-life 5.9 hr). Dimethylamine will disappear more
rapidly under polluted atmospheric conditions when nitrogen oxide concentrations are high. Due
to its high water solubility, washout by rain will also be an important removal process. (SRC)
40% DIMETHYLAMINE SOLN WAS EVAPORATED IN A REACTOR IN WHICH NITRIC
OXIDE HAD BEEN INTRODUCED AT THE SAME TIME. NITRIC OXIDE WAS
OXIDIZED TO NITROGEN DIOXIDE, WHICH REACTED WITH DIMETHYLAMINE TO
FORM N-NITROSODIMETHYLAMINE. CONFIRMATION OF N-NITROSAMINE
FORMATION IN AIR IN THE PRESENCE OF NITROGEN OXIDES & DIMETHYLAMINE
WAS BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY/MASS SPECTROMETRY. [R23]
In a screening study, dimethylamine completely degraded at 10 ppm with both an activated
sludge and freshwater/sediment inoculum(1). 70 and 80% of theoretical BOD was consumed,
respectively, after 5 days incubation(1). Inhibition was noted at 50 ppm with the sediment
inoculum and 100 ppm with the sludge inoculum(1). Another screening study that employed an
activated sludge inoculum reported 100% degradation in 6 and 12 days when the concentration
was 20 mg/l and 135 mg/l, respectively(2). Other screening studies give similar results and
dimethylamine is confirmed to be biodegradable according to the standard test of the Japanese
Ministry of Industry and Trade (MITI) that employs a mixed inoculum obtained from freshwater,
soil, and sludge(3-5). In a laboratory activated sludge unit, dimethylamine was completely
removed from inflows of up to 135 mg/l with retention times of 4 hr indicating that it should be
readily degraded in biological treatment plants(2). [R24]
When dimethylamine was added to stream water, the maximum rate of biodegradation was
proportional to the initial amine concentration over a concentration range from several nanograms
to several milligrams per liter(3). At the highest concentration studied, 10 mg/l, the half-life of
dimethylamine was 1.5 days(1,SRC). In 4 days all of the dimethylamine was mineralized when the
initial concentration ranged from 2.8 ppt to 90 ppb, while 90% was mineralized when the
concentration was 18 ppm(2). The half-life in Vistula River water (Warsaw, Poland) was 1.6 days
after a 0.3 day lag(3). When 250 ppm dimethylamine was added to a fine sand loam and sandy soil
amended with sewage and nitrite-N, 50% degradation occurred in 2 days in the sand loam, while
20% degradation occurred in the sandy soil(4). N-nitrosodimethylamine was formed in the
degradation(4). 50 to >90% degradation occurred in four silt loam or loam soils within 14
days(5). Under anaerobic conditions, one of the silt loam soils tested required 35 days to achieve
86% removal of dimethylamine(5). [R25]
THE PHOTOOXIDATION OF ALIPHATIC AMINES UNDER SIMULATED
ATMOSPHERIC CONDITIONS WAS STUDIED. DIETHYLNITROSAMINE WAS THE
ONLY DIETHYLAMINE PRODUCT IN THE DARK (3% YIELD)- DESTROYED IN
SUNLIGHT. /ALIPHATIC AMINES/ [R26]
LONG-PATH IR STUDY SHOWED THAT REACTION OF DIMETHYLAMINE, NITRIC
OXIDE, & NITROGEN DIOXIDE IN AIR FORMS LOW CONCN OF
DIMETHYLNITROSAMINE @ RATE INDEPENDENT OF AMINE CONCN. [R27]
Dimethylamine is a strong base and undergoes the typical reactions of primary amines(7). Many of
these reactions may occur in the environment, but there is little documentation as to what
reactions take place in the environment and at what rates. Dimethylamine does not contain
chromophores which absorb radiation >290 nm so direct photolysis will not be significant(5). It
reacts with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals by H-atom abstraction from both the C
and N atoms, forming formaldehyde as one of the products(3,4). Assuming a seasonally and
diurnally averaged hydroxyl radical concentration of 5X10+5 molecules/cc(4), the half-life of
dimethylamine would be 5.9 hr(3). Under polluted atmospheric conditions reaction with nitrogen
oxides will be important. In the presence of air, water vapor, NO and NO2, dimethylamine reacts
to form dimethylnitrosamine, a product which is destroyed by sunlight(1). When a bulb containing
ppm quantities of NO and NO2, dimethylamine, and air (45-50% relative humidity) was exposed
to June sunlight for 2-4 hr, only 10% of the original dimethylamine remained and
dimethylnitroamine, dimethylnitrosamine, formaldehyde, carbon monoxide, nitrate aerosol, small
quantities of dimethylformamide, and possibly tetramethylhydrazine were formed(2). It has been
shown that in water containing nitrite, dimethylamine is photochemically converted to
dimethylnitrosamine(6). The conversion is facilitated by higher pH levels and nitrite ion
concentrations(6). Dimethylnitrosoamines also can form in sewage, soils, and lake water when
dimethylamine and nitrite-N are present(5). Since it has been demonstrated that this occurs as
readily in sterilized samples as unsterilized samples, this reaction apparently can occur by a
nonenzymatic route, the presence of organic matter and acid conditions promotes its
formation(5). The ability of amines to form complexes with metallic ions is well known(8).
Metallic ions in soils or natural waters may therefore combine with dimethylamine but no
information could be found on reactions with soil components. Humic acids that occur in natural
waters contain carbonyl groups that could also potentially react with the amine groups to form
adducts but again data in natural systems are lacking(7). [R28]
Using a reported log octanol/water partition coefficient of -0.38(1), an estimated BCF of
0.30 was calculated for dimethylamine using recommended regression equations(2,SRC).
Dimethylamine would therefore not be expected to biocontrate in aquatic organisms(SRC). [R29]
KOC: The adsorption isotherm for dimethylamine in 5 soils was linear and resulted in a mean
KOC of 434.9(1). Based on its extremely high water solubility (1630 g/l(2)) or low log octanol
water partition coefficient (-0.38(3)), one would estimate much lower Koc values of 0.3 to 15
using a recommended regression equations(3). This descrepancy may indicate that there is some
binding of the dimethylamine to a soil component(SRC). [R30]
VWS: Using a reported dimensionless Henry's Law constant of 7.24X10-4(1), a half-life of 35.1
hr was estimated for dimethylamine in a model river 1 m deep, flowing at 1 m/sec with a wind
velocity of 3 m/sec(2,SRC). [R31]
SURFACE WATER: 8 rivers in Germany Not Detected to 11.9 ppb(1). [R32]
EFFL: Dimethylamine is emitted into the atmosphere from an RDX munition plant in the Houston
area(1). The concn of dimethylamine 40 m downwind from a fishmeal plant was 0.53 ppb(2).
[R33]
Identified in uncultivated loamy soil from the Moscow region(1). Since this soil is
uncultivated, it is possible that the amines are formed naturally rather than resulting from
contamination or as a metabolite of a fertilizer or a pesticide(1). [R34]
ATM: INDOOR AIR: Problem house in Sweden in which casein and other proteins were used
in a concrete matrix as a self-leveling screed; 2, 2, 0.2 ppb in kitchen, bedroom, and livingroom,
respectively(1). [R35]
FOOD: Naturally occurring amines in seafoods and their implication in the formation of
endogenous carcinogenic nitrosamines are discussed. /AMINES/ [R36]
Determination of primary and secondary amines in soybean and their products are discussed.
/AMINES/ [R37]
Dimethylamine has been found in the following fresh food (concn in ppm): Red cabbage (2.8),
Cabbage (2), Cauliflower (14), Kale (5.5), Red radish (1.1), Celery (5.1), Maize (3.5), Green
salad (7.2)(1). Concentrations in preserved food items are: Broken beans (0.6), Broken
butterbeans (<0.1), Shelled peas (2.2), Bean salad (0.2), Kale (4.5), Red cabbage (0.1), Paprika
(1), Cornichons (0.5)(1). Various samples of pickled vegetables contained 0-15.4 ppm of
dimethylamine(1). Some other food products contained the following amounts of dimethylamine:
Herring (3.4-45), Cod roe (6.3), Cheese (ND), Brown bread (3.1), Coffee (3-6), Barley (1.6),
Hops (1.4), Malt (0.5)(1). Four samples of animal feed contained 0-8 ppm of dimethylamine(1).
Average levels of dimethylamine are (food item (ppm)): fish sausage (0.902), baked ham (1.310),
Cod roe (54.76), Spinach (0.120), Miso (0.055)(2). Dimethylamine has been identified as a
volatile component of boiled beef(3). The interest for the presence of amines in food arises in part
because they are regarded as possible percursors of carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds(3). [R38]
DIMETHYLAMINE OCCURS FREQUENTLY IN NIGERIAN FERMENTED BEVERAGES
(PALM-WINE, NONO, BURUKUTU, PITO AND OGOGORO). DIMETHYLNITROSAMINE
WAS PRESENT IN 1 PALM-WINE SAMPLE. PRESENCE OF NITRATES, NITRITES,
SECONDARY AMINES IN FOOD & THE ENVIRONMENT IS DISCUSSED IN RELATION
TO NITROSAMINE CARCINOGENESIS. [R39]
ABILITY WAS SHOWN BY CERTAIN SPECIES OF BACTERIA & YEASTS
(CONTAMINANTS OF PALM SAP) TO INDUCE DIMETHYLNITROSAMINE
FORMATION WITH DMA PRECURSOR IN WINE FERMENTATION. THE POSSIBLE
ROLE OF INDWELLING MICROORGANISMS IN THE FORMATION OF HAZARDOUS
CMPD IN FERMENTING PALM WINE IS DISCUSSED. [R40]
PLNT: 28 Marine algae (3 classes): Detected in 2 and occasionally in 3 other algae, all of class
Phaeophyceae(1) [R41]
FISH: Trimethylamine and dimethylamine contents of salted, hot-air dried and sun-dried samples
of 2 commercial fishes, mackerel pike and seerfish, were analyzed and quantitatively compared at
3 different temperatures. The formation of both secondary amines was more rapid at 10 and 15
deg C than at 2 deg C. Residual amounts of trimethylamine oxide of salted samples were relatively
higher than those of the other samples. Trimethylamine contents of hot-air dried mackerel pike
and sun-dried seerfish were relatively higher than those in other samples, while those of salted
samples were comparatively lower than those of others. [R42]
OEVC: Dimethylamine has been identified in tobacco leaf (4-75 ppm) and cigarette smoke
concentrate (110 ppm or 1.8 ug/cigarette)(1,2). [R43]
Volatile from cattle manure(1). [R44]
The general population will be primarily exposed to dimethylamine from ingesting food in
which it occurs naturally. Occupational exposure will occur primarily via inhalation and dermal
contact with the vapor. (SRC)
According to the 1985 National Occupational Exposure Survey (NOES), 8,700 workers
are potentially exposed to dimethylamine(1). Since this survey excluded exposure to trade name
chemicals and plastics which may contain the plasticizer, levels of occupational exposure should
be considerably higher(SRC). The 1972-1974 National Occupational Hazard Survey (NOHS)
reported that 27,374 workers are potentially exposed to dimethylamine(2). [R45]
ANALYTE: DIMETHYLAMINE. MATRIX: AIR. PROCEDURE: ADSORPTION ON
SILICA GEL, DESORPTION WITH 0.2% N SULFURIC ACID IN 10% METHANOL
Measurements to determine employee exposure are best taken so that the avg 8 hr exposure is
based on a single 8 hr sample or on two 4 hr samples. ... Air samples should be taken in the
employee's breathing zone. ... Sampling ... may be performed by collection of vapors in a silica gel
tube ...
ANALYTE: ALIPHATIC AMINES; MATRIX: AIR; PROCEDURE: ADSORPTION ON
SILICA GEL; ELUTION WITH ACID /ALIPHATIC AMINES/
A sampling and analytical procedure for methyl-, dimethyl-, ethyl-, and diethylamine was
developed in order to avoid problems typically encountered in the sampling and analysis of low
molecular weight aliphatic amines. Samples are collected with adsorbent tubes containing
Amberlite XAD-7 resin coated with the derivatizing reagent, NBD chloride
(7-chloro-4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole). Analysis is performed by HPLC with the use of a
fluorescence and/or UV/visible detector. All four amines can be monitored simultaneously, and
neither collection nor storage is affected by humidity. Samples are stable at room temperature for
at least two weeks. The methodology has been tested for each amine at sample loadings
equivalent to air concn ranges of 0.5 to 30 ppm for a sample volume of 10 l. The method shows
promise for determining other airborne primary and secondary low molecular weight aliphatic
amines. [R49]
ALAB: ANALYTE: DIMETHYLAMINE. MATRIX: AIR. PROCEDURE: GC. RANGE:
7.02-29.5 MG/CU M.
ANALYTE: ALIPHATIC AMINES /INCLUDING DIMETHYLAMINE/. MATRIX: AIR.
PROCEDURE: GC ANALYSIS. RANGE: 1-2400 MG/CU M IN A 10 TO 1 SAMPLE OF AIR.
A METHOD IS DESCRIBED FOR THE IDENTIFICATION & DETERMINATION OF
VOLATILE N-NITROSAMINES IN BACON COOK-OUT FAT BY THIN-LAYER
CHROMATOGRAPHY. /Volatile N-Nitrosamines/ [R50]
Analysis of amines in seafood was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography.
/Amines/ [R51]
The content of dimethylamine & other amines in aqueous extracts from rubber products for
medical use and food packaging was determined by gas chromatography. Amounts ranged from
nondetectable to 1080 mg/kg depending on conditions. [R52]
Aliphatic secondary amines in meat and fish products were analyzed by high pressure liquid
chromatography. /Aliphatic secondary amines/ [R53]
Determination of trace amounts of amines in beer & bacon by gas chromatography with a
modified thermal energy analyzer. /Amines/ [R54]
An improved fluorometric method for the determination of ammonia and volatile amines in meat
tissue by high-performance liquid chromatography is discussed. /Volatile amines/ [R55]
A method is given for the conversion of various aliphatic primary and secondary amines into
nickel dithiocarbamate chelates. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to analyze
the reaction products. /Amines/ [R56]
High performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection was used to determine
secondary amines in foods. /Amines/ [R57]
Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry of volatiles released from plastics used as building
materials is discussed. [R58]
Determination of methylamines in air using activated charcoal traps and gas chromatographic
analysis with an alkali flame thermionic detector is discussed. /Methylamines/ [R59]
Gas chromatographic determination of dimethylamine and trimethylamine in seafoods is
discussed. [R60]
Determination of primary and secondary amines in wines and soy sauce by high-performance
liquid chromatography is discussed. /Amines/ [R61]
A MIXTURE OF 13 LOWER ALIPHATIC AMINES WERE SEPARATED IN A TENAX-GC
COLUMN BY TEMPERATURE PROGRAMMING GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY. PRIMARY
AMINES WERE CONVERTED INTO CORRESPONDING SCHIFF BASES BY REACTION
WITH BENZALDEHYDE. /ALIPHATIC AMINES/ [R62]
DETERMINATION OF SECONDARY AMINES IN BIOLOGICAL FLUIDS BY
SPECTROMETRY. /SECONDARY AMINES/ [R63]
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