| Chemical Abstract Number (CAS #) |
1582098
|
|---|
| Synonyms | Trifluralin |
|---|
Treflan | p-Toluidine, alpha, alpha, alpha-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl- |
| Analytical Methods |
EPA Method 508 |
|---|
EPA Method 617 |
EPA Method 627 |
EPA Method 8081 |
| Molecular Formula | C13H16F3N3O4 |
|---|
| Use | HERBICIDE
|
|---|
| Consumption Patterns | SELECTIVE HERBICIDE FOR GRASSES & BROADLEAF WEEDS, OF WHICH
52% IS USED ON SOYBEANS, 40% ON COTTON, 8% ON OTHER FIELD CROPS,
VEGETABLES, FRUIT, NUTS, NURSERY CROPS, ALFALFA, PASTURE LAND, &
SUMMER FALLOW, & 2% AS SELECTIVE HERBICIDE IN OTHER APPLICATIONS
(1972)
|
|---|
| Apparent Color | YELLOW CRYSTALS ; YELLOW-ORANGE PRISMS
|
|---|
| Odor | NO APPRECIABLE ODOR
|
|---|
| Boiling Point | 139-140 DEG C @ 4.2 MM HG
|
|---|
| Melting Point | 46-47 DEG C
|
|---|
| Molecular Weight | 335.29
|
|---|
| Sensitivity Data | Cause eye irritation. May cause skin sensitization reactions in certain individuals.
|
|---|
| Environmental Impact | Trifluralin is an anthropogenic compound used as a pre-emergence herbicide. It may be
released to the environment during its production and will be released during its application to
agricultural fields. If released to soil, trifluralin is expected to biodegrade and volatilize to the
atmosphere. The persistence of trifluralin in soil has been estimated at approximately 6 months
although it is more persistent in northern climates. Trifluralin is expected to biodegrade under
both aerobic and anaerobic conditions in soil. It is also expected to rapidly volatilize from both
moist and dry soils to the atmosphere. Trifluralin will strongly adsorb to soil. If released to water,
trifluralin is expected to biodegrade under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions and undergo
direct photolytic degradation. It is expected to bioconcentrate in fish and aquatic organisms and
adsorb strongly to sediment and suspended organic matter. It may also volatilize from water to
the atmosphere. If released to the atmosphere, trifluralin is expected to undergo a rapid gas-phase
photolysis. The rate of this process increases in the presence of ozone. Trifluralin may also
undergo atmospheric removal by a gas-phase reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl
radicals with an estimated half-life of 4.6 hours. Occupational exposure to trifluralin may occur by
inhalation or dermal contact. The general population may be exposed to trifluralin from lawn
products or by ingestion of contaminated agricultural products or fish.
|
|---|
| Environmental Fate | IT SHOWS LOSS IN SOIL OF 85 TO 90% IN 0.5 TO 1.0 YEAR.
TERRESTRIAL FATE: If released to soil, trifluralin is expected to biodegrade and volatilize to
the atmosphere. The persistence of trifluralin in soil has been estimated at 6 months and >40
weeks . Its persistence is less in southern climes than in northern ones . Biodegradation of
trifluralin in soil may occur under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions(1,2,4,5,7). Both aerobic
and anaerobic biodegradation of trifluralin lead to the formation of 3,4,5-benzotriamine .
Trifluralin is known to rapidly volatilize from both moist and dry soils to the atmosphere(6-9),
although the volatilization rate is greater for moist soils(10). Experimental soil adsorption
coefficients as high as 13700(11) indicate that trifluralin will be essentially immobile in soil(12).
AQUATIC FATE: If released to water, trifluralin is expected to biodegrade under both aerobic
and anaerobic conditions(1-3), although the rate under anaerobic conditions is expected to be
faster . Both processes lead to the formation of 3,4,5-benzotriamine . Experimental
bioconcentration factors ranging from 1689 to 5421 indicate that trifluralin will bioconcentrate in
fish and aquatic organisms; it has been detected in fish(5-6). An experimental soil
adsorption coefficient of 30550 obtained using pond sediment(7) indicates that it will strongly
adsorb to sediment and suspended organic matter. Trifluralin may also rapidly volatilize
from water(8), although its strong adsorption to sediment and suspended organic matter may
attenuate the rate of this process. It is not expected to hydrolyze in water(9).
ATMOSPHERIC FATE: If released to the atmosphere, trifluralin is expected to undergo rapid
photolytic degradation; the observed half-life for trifluralin in July sunlight ranged from 25-60
min . In the presence of ozone, the rate of this reaction increases(2-3). An estimated rate
constant for the gas-phase reaction of trifluralin with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals
of 8.4X10-11 cu cm/molec-sec translates to a half-life of 4.6 hrs using an average
atmospheric hydroxyl radical concn of 5X10 5 molec/cu cm .
TRIFLURALIN WAS MORE PERSISTENT IN SOIL (PH 6.56) THAN METRIBUZIN.
HALF-LIFE OF TRIFLURALIN WAS 38 DAYS FOR 670 G/HA & 61 DAYS FOR 1100
G/HA.
|
|---|
| Drinking Water Impact | TRIFLURALIN WAS DETECTED IN FINISHED WATER IN US
GROUNDWATER: Trifluralin was detected in well water samples at a concn of 41 ug/L in 1 out
of 179 wells from farms in a heavily agricultural area in Ontario, Canada, 1984-86(1-2).
Trifluralin has been qualitatively detected in groundwater samples in 4 states . It was detected
in 1 of 1443 wells monitored in NE, at a concn of 0.42 ppb . In a survey of U.S. groundwater
quality, trifluralin was detected in samples from KS, MD, MS, and NE as a result of normal use at
a mean and maximum concn of 2.20 ppb and 0.40 ppb, it was detected in ND as a result of a point
source contamination at 0.03 ppb and in KS from unknown origin at a maximum and mean concn
of 5.40 ppb and 3.09 ppb . SNOW: The concn of trifluralin in "brown snow", snow
contaminated by a long range transport event, 1988, was 764 pg/L(6).
SURFACE WATER: The concn of trifluralin in the Ochre and Turtle River, Canada, 1984,
ranged from <0.6 to 3.3 ug/cu m and <0.5 to 5.2 ug cu m . Water samples taken from the
Wabash River, IN, 1974, 8 km downstream from a pesticide manufacturing facility contained 874
parts/per trillion trifluralin . It was detected in Mississippi River water samples obtained 20
miles below Memphis, TN, 1984, at a concn of 19 ng/L . Trifluralin has been detected in water
from Lake Erie and Lake Michigan watersheds . Its concentration in the Wabash River, 1975,
ranged from 3.12 ug/L to 548 ug/L <1 mile from a pesticide manufacturing facility . The concn
of trifluralin in the Shell Creek, NE, 1988, after a spring storm event ranged from trace to 0.5
ug/L(6).
DRINKING WATER: Trifluralin was qualitatively detected in raw and finished drinking water
obtained from the Llobregat River, Barcelona, Spain .
EFFL: The concn of trifluralin in wastewater samples from a pesticide manufacturer in Barcelona,
Spain, 1984, was 2 ppm . The estimated total discharges of trifluralin into the Ochre and Turtle
Rivers, Canada, 1984, from the surrounding watershed are 119 and 37 g/yr .
|
|---|
