| Chemical Abstract Number (CAS #) |
60571
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| Synonyms | Dieldrin |
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2,7:3,6-Dimethanonaphth(2,3-b)oxirene,
3,4,5,6,9,9-hexachloro-1a,2,2a,3,6,6a,7,7a-octahydro-, | 1,2,3,4,10,10-Hexachloro-6,7-epoxy-1,4,4a,5,
6,7,8,8a-octahydro-endo,exo-1,4:5,8-dimethanonaphthalene | Alvit |
| Analytical Methods |
EPA Method 505 |
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EPA Method 508 |
EPA Method 608 |
EPA Method 617 |
EPA Method 625 |
EPA Method 8080A |
EPA Method 8081 |
EPA Method 8250A |
| Molecular Formula | C12H8Cl6O |
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| Use | Broad spectrum insecticide used until 1974; EPA restricted its use to termite control by
direct soil injection and non-food seed and plant treatment.
Wool processing industry
Dieldrin was used in tropical countries as a residual spray on the inside walls and ceilings of
homes for the control of vectors of diseases, mainly malaria.
/Dieldrin is used to control locusts and tropical disease vectors, such as Glossina species.
Industrial uses include timber preservation, termite-proofing of plastic and rubber coverings of
electrical and telecommunication cables, of plywood and building boards and as a termite barrier
in building construction.
Contact, stomach poison in certain crops.
Control of public health insect pests, termites, locusts, and tropical disease vectors.
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| Consumption Patterns | From 1966-1970, amt of dieldrin used in the US declined from 1 million lb to approx
670,000 lb.
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| Apparent Color | COLORLESS CRYSTALS ; Pale, tan flakes ; White, crystalline substance
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| Odor | Mild chemical odor
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| Melting Point | 175-176 DEG C
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| Molecular Weight | 380.93
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| Density | 1.75
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| Odor Threshold Concentration | 0.041 ppm
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| Environmental Impact | Dieldrin has been used extensively in the past as an insecticide for corn and for termite
control, although it is no longer registered for general use. Dieldrin is extremely persistent, but it
is known to slowly photorearrange to photodieldrin (water half-life - 4 months). Dieldrin released
to soil will persist for long periods (> 7 yr), will reach the air either through slow evaporation or
adsorbtion on dust particles, will not leach, and will reach surface water with surface runoff. Once
dieldrin reaches surface waters it will adsorb strongly to sediments, bioconcentrate in fish and
slowly photodegrade. Biodegradation and hydrolysis are unimportant fate processes. Fate of
dieldrin in the atmosphere is unknown but monitoring data have demonstrated that it can be
carried long distances. Monitoring data demonstrates that dieldrin continues to be a contaminant
in air, water, sediment, soil, fish, and other aquatic organisms, wildlife, foods, and humans.
Human exposure appears to come mostly from food.
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| Environmental Fate | . SORPTION ISOTHERMS OF DIELDRIN ON SEVERAL FRACTIONS OF
ESTUARINE SEDIMENT DETERMINED @ SEVERAL SALINITIES. ORG MATTER
CONTENT MAJOR FACTOR DETERMINING SORPTION COEFFICIENT. EFFECT OF
SORPTION ON LETHALITY STUDIED.
TERRESTRIAL: Dieldrin released to soils will persist for extremely long periods of time (>7 yr).
Its low water solubility and strong adsorption to soil makes leaching unlikely. Small amounts may
volatilize from soil or be carried on dust particles into the air. Soil runoff will carry
particle-associated dieldrin to water systems .
AQUATIC: Dieldrin released to water systems will not undergo hydrolysis or biodegrade. It will
photorearrange to photodieldrin with a half-life of approximately 4 months, or somewhat faster in
waters containing photosensitizers. Adsorption to sediments and bioconcentration in aquatic
organisms are likely to be important aquatic processes. Evaporation from water may be an
important process, but conflicting data are available (half-life of hr to months). In a modeling
study of a reservoir, it was concluded that 40% of the inflow was lost to the bottom via
sedimentation, 50% released through the outflow because of the short detention time, and 10%
will go to fish because of the high biomass concentration . At low flow conditions, the sediment
will become a net source of dieldrin .
ATMOSPHERIC: Little is known about the fate of dieldrin in the atmosphere. Because of its low
vapor pressure and high Koc, dieldrin is probably associated with particulate matter. Vapor phase
photodegradation has been noted but its rate has not been reported.
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| Drinking Water Impact | DRINKING WATER: Hawaii 0.3 parts/trillion avg, 1970-71, Virgin Islands 0.19 ppb in
50% of cistern waters ; New Orleans - 3 plants 0.05-0.07 ppb . Rural counties, SC 37% pos,
0-153 parts/trillion, 55 parts/trillion mean(9). GROUNDWATER: Nebraska, 1978 below
detection limit (5 parts/trillion) . NJ 1977-79 604 samples - trace (0.1 ppb)-90th percentile,
highest value 0.9 ppb . SURFACE WATER: US rivers and lakes 0-0.1 ppb 1960's-1972 .
Dutch rivers 1967-1977 0.02-0.06 ppb max values, not detectable in last 2 yr . NJ 1977-79
(604 samples) trace (0.1 ppb)-90th percentile . Ontario 11 agricultural watersheds 1.6-1.7
parts/trillion overall mean 1975-77(6). South Florida 1968-72 367 samples 11% pos(7).
RAINWATER: Lake Erie 2.6 parts/trillion 7 samples 1976-77(8) 5-42 parts/trillion avg .
EFFL: Municipal effluent 0.004-0.052 ppb . Foundries water effluent 5 ppb, textile mills 50
samples, 1 pos 0.2 ppb .
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