| Chemical Abstract Number (CAS #) |
70304
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| Synonyms | Hexachlorophene |
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Nabac | Phenol, 2,2'-methylenebis[3,4,6-trichloro- |
| Analytical Method |
EPA Method 604.1 |
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| Molecular Formula | C13H6Cl6O2 |
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| Use | MEDICATION: TOPICAL ANTI-INFECTIVE; DETERGENT; (VET):
ANTHELMINTIC (FLUKICIDE)
ANTIBACTERIAL AGENT FOR SOAPS (EG, DEODORANT SOAPS), SURGICAL
SCRUBS, NURSERIES, HOSPITAL EQUIPMENT, & COSMETICS; FUNGICIDE (EG, FOR
VEGETABLES-EG, TOMATOES & PEPPERS), ORNAMENTALS
BROAD-SPECTRUM FOLIAGE FUNGICIDE WITH CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC ACTION;
PLANT BACTERICIDE; SOIL FUNGICIDE; ACARICIDE; USED ON CUCUMBERS FOR
FUNGUS & BACTERIAL DISEASES; AS SOIL FUNGICIDE AGAINST RHIZOCTONIA,
PREEMERGENCE & POSTEMERGENCE IN COTTON TO SUPPRESS BOLL ROT
ON INANIMATE OBJECTS, IT IS A GOOD DISINFECTANT AGAINST FUNGI.
Isobac discontinued in 1987 is a broad spectrum contact soil, foliar fungicide. Isobac
Used as intrastate fungicide and miticide against spot anthracnose (scab, elsinoe), melanose
(diaporthe), greasy spot (cercospora), and rust mites for foliar treatment of grapefruit, lemons,
oranges, and tangerines; against spot anthracnose (scab, elsinoe), and melanose (diaporthe) for
delayed dormant application of grapefruit, lemons, oranges, and tangerines. Hexaphene-LV
Used as unclassified insecticide and miticide against lice and fleas on dogs and against animal
pathogenic bacteria (g- and g vegetative) on dog sleeping quarters. Hilo Flea Powder with
Rotenone and Dichlorophrene, Milo Flea Powder
Used as bacteriostat, insecticide, and miticide against lice and fleas on cats and cat sleeping
quarters. Hilo Cat Flea Powder
Used as insecticide and miticide against ticks, fleas, and lice on cats. Enditch Pet Shampoo
Used as insecticide, miticide, and bacteriostat against lice and fleas on dogs. Pedigree Dog
Shampoo Bar
Used as disinfectant, bacteriocide, and germicide against fungi on textiles, against animal
pathogenic bacteria (g- and g vegetative), mold, and mildew on human clothing, and against
mold and mildew on fabric surfaces. Blockade Anti Bacterial Finish
Used as insecticide and miticide against ticks, lice, and fleas on dogs. B & B Flea Kontroller for
Dogs Only
For use as insecticide, miticide, repellent, or feeding depressant against lice, fleas, adult flies, adult
gnats, and adult mosquitoes on dogs. Thera-Groom Pet Shampoo for Dogs for Veterinary Use
Only
Used as bacteristat against animal pathogenic bacteria (g- and g vegetative) on swimming pool
surfaces, tires, eating establishment equipment and food contact surfaces, industrial premises and
equipment, institutional premises and equipment, and bathroom premises. Brevity Blue Liquid
Sanitizing Scouring Cream, Brevity Blue Liquid Bacteriostat Scouring Cream
Used as a disinfectant, bacteriocide, and germicide against animal pathogenic bacteria (g- and g
vegetative) and fungi, Pseudomonas species, Mycobacterium species (tubercle bacilli), and
lipophilic viruses on livestock equipment and premises (enclosed premise treatment), hog
farrowing pen premises (enclosed premise treatment), foaling pen premises for horses, unspecified
farm premises and equipment, and poultry processing plant premises. En-Viron D Concentrated
Phenolic Disinfectant
Used as disinfectant, bacteriocide, germicide, and fungicide against animal pathogenic bacteria
(g and g- vegetative) and fungi and Pseudomonas sp on sickroom content, sickroom equipment
and premises, hospital premises, surgical instruments, dental instruments, hospital instruments,
and hospital critical rubber and plastic items. Staphene O
/IT IS SOMETIMES USED IN TREATMENT OF ACNE VULGARIS TO SUPPRESS
ASSOCIATED STAPHYLOCOCCI. SRP: FORMER USE
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| Apparent Color | NEEDLES FROM BENZENE ; WHITE TO LIGHT TAN, CRYSTALLINE POWDER
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| Odor | ODORLESS OR HAS ONLY SLIGHTLY PHENOLIC ODOR
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| Melting Point | 164 DEG C
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| Molecular Weight | 406.92
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| Environmental Impact | Release of hexachlorophene (HCP) to the environment may occur as a result of its
production and use in germicidal soaps and other soaps and cosmetics. The monosodium salt has
also found use as a broad-spectrum soil fumigant and seed-treatment fungicide. HCP's use has
been restricted by the USFDA in 1972 to levels of less than or equal to 0.1%, and its use has been
approved by the FDA for surgical scrubbing and handwashing in cases of outbreak of certain
infections. If released to the soil HCP will adsorb very strongly to the soil and will not be
expected to leach to the groundwater, to undergo hydrolysis or to significantly evaporate from
soils or other surfaces. No information was found on biodegradation in soils. If released to water
HCP will be expected to adsorb very strongly to sediments and may bioconcentrate in aquatic
organisms. It will not hydrolyze and will not be expected to significantly evaporate from water. It
may be subject to slow photodegradation in water based on its absorption of light above 290 nm.
No information was found on biodegradation in surface waters. Half-life for biodegradation of
HCP in river sediments was 290 days. Based on a comparison of rates of the degradation of
2,4,5-trichlorophenol in river sediments and in water, biodegradation of HCP in surface waters is
expected to be slow. If HCP is released to the atmosphere it will be expected to be mainly in the
particle-sorbed state due to its expected low vapor pressure and high estimated Koc. Dry
deposition is expected to be the primary physical removal process. It may be subject to slow
photodegradation in water based on its absorption of light above 290 nm. The estimated vapor
phase half-life in the atmosphere is 2.47 days as a result of ring addition of photochemically
produced hydroxyl radicals. Exposure to HCP will occur mainly through the dermal contact with
consumer products which contain it, through occupational exposure related to its use as a
broad-specturm soil fumigant and seed-treatment fungicide, and in surgical scrubbing and
handwashing in cases of outbreak of certain infections. Minor exposure may result from the
ingestion of contaminated drinking water.
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| Environmental Fate | TERRESTRIAL FATE: If released to the soil hexachlorophene will adsorb very strongly
to the soil and will not be expected to leach to the groundwater. It is not expected to undergo
hydrolysis or significant evaporation from the surface of soils. It may be subject to slow
photodegradation on the surface of soils based on its absorption of light above 290 nm. No
information was found on biodegradation in soils.
AQUATIC FATE: If released to water hexachlorophene (HCP) will be expected to adsorb very
strongly to sediments and may bioconcentrate in aquatic organisms based on an estimated BCF of
317,000. It will not hydrolyze and will not be expected to significantly evaporate from water. It
may be subject to slow photodegradation in water based on its absorption of light above 290 nm.
No information on biodegradation in soils or surface waters was found. Half-life for
biodegradation of HCP in Skidaway River, GA, sediments was 290 days . Based on comparison
rates of the degradation of 2,4,5-trichlorophenol in river sediments and in water, biodegradation
of hexachlorophene in surface waters is expected to be slow(1,SRC).
ATMOSPHERIC FATE: If hexachlorophene is released to the atmosphere it is expected to be
mainly in the particle-sorbed state due to its expected low vapor pressure and high estimated Koc.
Dry deposition is expected to be the primary physical removal process. It may be subject to slow
photodegradation in water based on its absorption of light above 290 nm (see also ABIO). The
estimated vapor phase half-life in the atmosphere is 2.47 days as a result of ring addition of
photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals.
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| Drinking Water Impact | DRINKING WATER: HEXACHLOROPHENE HAS BEEN FOUND IN 2 SAMPLES
OF FINISHED DRINKING WATER IN UPSTREAM & DOWNSTREAM WATER FROM 2
SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS, AT LEVELS OF 3.2 TO 24 UG/L & 16.4 TO 44.3 UG/L,
RESPECTIVELY .
DRINKING WATER: Corvallis, OR, May, 1979, 0.01 ppb (duplicate analysis) . Identified, not
quantified in 2 finished drinking water samples .
SURFACE WATER: Urban drainage area, Greensboro, NC, 1973, 7 sites, 100% pos, 3 sites
upstream from 2 wastewater treatment plants, 9 samples, 100% pos, 4.0-24.8 ppb, avg 7.9 ppb, 1
site downstream from 1 treatment plant, 4 samples, 100% pos, 4.8-14.0 ppb, avg 8.8 ppb, 1 site
downstream from both plants, surface water, 15 samples, 100% pos, 18.0-44.3 ppb, 29.1 ppb,
bottom water, 12 samples, 100% pos, 15.2-48.3 ppb, avg 25.4 ppb, 2 sites further downsteam
from both plants (sampled to determine the effects of dilution), 4 samples each, 100% pos,
ranges, 5.2-14.8 and 3.2-8.0 ppb, avgs, 10.4 and 6.4 ppb .
EFFL: HEXACHLOROPHENE HAS BEEN FOUND IN INFLUENT & EFFLUENT
WATER OF 3 SEWAGE PLANTS AT LEVELS OF 20-31 & 6-12 UG/L, RESPECTIVELY .
Corvallis, OR, sewage treatment plant, 7 consecutive days, Sept 1969, influent, 366-707 g/24 hrs,
avg 524 g/24 hrs, effluent, 92.2-175 g/24 hrs, avg 138 g/24 hrs; Corvallis, Eugene, and Salem,
OR, respectively, 24-hr composite samples, concn, ppb: influent, 30.8, 20.0, 30.0, effluent, 12.2,
5.6, 12.1, output, g/24 hr, 245, 244, 973, output, g/10,000 population, 24 hrs, 66.5, 44.0,
12.0 .
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