| Chemical Abstract Number (CAS #) |
78831
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| Synonyms | Isobutyl alcohol |
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1-Propanol, 2-methyl- |
| Analytical Methods |
EPA Method 8240B |
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EPA Method 8260A |
| Use | USED IN HYDRAULIC FLUID & AS A CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATE
IN MANUFACTURE OF ISOBUTYL ESTERS, WHICH SERVE AS PLASTICIZERS, & IN
PERFUMES
USEFUL IN FLAVORS SUCH AS RUM, BANANA, AND FRUIT FLAVORS.
SOLVENT FOR SURFACE COATINGS & ADHESIVES; PROCESSING SOLVENT IN
PHARMACEUTICAL, PESTICIDE, FLAVOR, & FRAGRANCE MFR; CHEM INT FOR
ISOBUTYLAMINES, ZINC DIISOBUTYLDITHIOPHOSPHATE, ISOBUTYL ACETATE,
ACRYLATE, METHACRYLATE ESTERS, ACRYLATE, & METHACRYLATE ESTERS;
DILUENT-REACTANT IN THE ALKYLATION OF AMINO RESINS; COSOLVENT IN
TERTIARY OIL RECOVERY
Isobutyl alcohol is used with dimethyl sulfoxide to prepare food additives such as sucrose fatty
acid esters
Used for amino resin alkylation
Manufacture ester for fruit flavoring essences; solvent in paint, varnish removers
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| Consumption Patterns | SOLVENT (EG, FOR SURFACE COATINGS & ADHESIVES & FOR
PHARMACEUTICAL, PESTICIDE, FLAVOR & FRAGRANCE MFR), 26%; CHEM INT
FOR ISOBUTYLAMINES, 22%; CHEM INT FOR ZINC
DIISOBUTYLDITHIOPHOSPHATE, 17%; CHEM INT FOR ISOBUTYL ACETATE, 13%;
CHEM INT FOR ACRYLATE & METHACRYLATE ESTERS, 4%; DILUENT-REACTANT
IN PRODN OF AMINO RESINS, 4%; OTHER USES, 14% (1979)
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| Apparent Color | COLORLESS LIQUID
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| Odor | Sweet musty odor ; SUFFOCATING ODOR OF FUSEL OIL ; SLIGHTLY
SUFFOCATING; NONRESIDUAL ALCOHOLIC
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| Melting Point | -108 DEG C
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| Odor Threshold Concentration | 40 ppm
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| Sensitivity Data | Vapor: Irritating to eyes, nose and throat.
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| Environmental Impact | Isobutyl alcohol will enter the environment as emissions from its manufacture and use as a
solvent and release in fermentation. It naturally occurs as a plant volatile and is released during the
microbial degradation of animal wastes. When released into water, isobutyl alcohol will be lost by
evaporation and biodegradation. It would not be expected to adsorb to sediment or
bioconcentrate in fish. No data on its rate of degradation in natural waters could be found. When
spilled on land it is apt to volatilize, biodegrade, and leach into ground water but no data on the
rates of these processes could be found. Its fate in ground water is unknown. In the atmosphere it
will photodegrade primarily by reaction with hydroxyl radicals in hours to days, with the half-life
being shorter in more polluted atmospheres. Human exposure will be primarily in occupational
atmospheres, ingesting food in which it is used as a fruit flavoring, or being in proximity to sites
where it is released naturally (some plants, decay of animal wastes, etc.).
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| Environmental Fate | TERRESTRIAL FATE: When spilled on soil, isobutyl alcohol will both evaporate and
leach into the ground due to its relatively high vapor pressure and low adsorption to soil.
Although it readily degrades in laboratory tests, its degradation in soil has not been determined. If
degradation is not rapid, it is apt to leach into ground water.
AQUATIC FATE: When released into water, isobutyl alcohol will volatilize (half-life in a river
approximately 4 days) and biodegrade. Although it is readily degradable in laboratory tests and is
reported to degrade in natural waters, no data on its rate of degradation in surface waters could
be found. Its degradation in ground water is unknown.
ATMOSPHERIC FATE: When released into the atmosphere, isobutyl alcohol will photodegrade
with a half-life ranging from hours in polluted urban atmospheres, to days in cleaner atmospheres.
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| Drinking Water Impact | SURFACE WATER: Hayashida River, Japan-site of leather industry 685 ppb .
DRINKING WATER: Detected, not quantified in Shreveport, LA and Grand Forks, ND .
Isobutanol has been identified at levels ranging between 142 and 652 ppm in Hyashida River
water, which contained effluents from the leather industsry. Isobutanol has also been identified as
a constituent of petrochemical wastewater and palm mill effluents. Serious contamination of the
groundwater 30 M below a paint factory was found to have resulted from leakage of solvent
from underground storage tanks. Identification of isobutanol in the leachate from a model landfill
suggests isobutanol may enter groundwater from landfill leachates.
EFFL: Detected, not quantified in air over sedimentation tank of water treatment plant .
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