| Chemical Abstract Number (CAS #) |
88062
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| Synonyms | 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol |
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Phenol, 2,4,6-trichloro- |
| Analytical Methods |
EPA Method 604 |
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EPA Method 625 |
EPA Method 8040A |
EPA Method 8250A |
| Molecular Formula | C6H3Cl3O |
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| Use | HERBICIDE, DEFOLIANT SRP: FORMER USES
PRESERVATIVE & DISINFECTANT (AS ISOMERIC MIXT); BACTERICIDE,
GERMICIDE, & FUNGICIDE (AS ISOMERIC MIXT); SANITIZER (AS ISOMERIC MIXT).
/FORMER USE
WOOD PRESERVATIVE, GLUE PRESERVATIVE, INSECTICIDE INGREDIENT,
BACTERICIDE AND AN ANTIMILDEW TREATMENT FOR TEXTILES SRP: FORMER
USES
2,4,6-TRICHLOROPHENOL CAN ALSO BE USED TO PREPARE THE FOLLOWING
FUNGICIDES (ALTHOUGH THEY ARE NOT BELIEVED TO BE PRODUCED
COMMERCIALLY FROM 2,4,6-TRICHLOROPHENOL): CHLORANIL
(2,3,5,6-TETRA-CHLORO-1,4-BENZOQUINONE), PENTACHLOROPHENOL AND
2,3,4,6-TETRACHLOROPHENOL. SRP: FORMER USES
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENT SRP:FORMER USE
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| Apparent Color | CRYSTALS FROM LIGROIN; YELLOW FLAKES; RHOMBIC NEEDLES FROM
ACETIC ACID; Colorless needles
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| Odor | STRONG PHENOLIC ODOR
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| Boiling Point | 246 DEG C
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| Melting Point | 69 DEG C
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| Molecular Weight | 197.45
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| Density | 1.4901
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| Odor Threshold Concentration | 100 ug/l at 30 deg C; 1,222 ug/l at 25 deg C Purity not specified
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| Sensitivity Data | IN CONTACT WITH EYE IT IS SAID TO CAUSE SEVERE IRRITATION &
LACRIMATION. DUST OR FUMES FROM HEATING MATERIAL ARE ALSO SAID TO
CAUSE PAIN & IRRITATION OF EYES & NOSE.
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| Environmental Impact | 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol (2,4,6-T) will enter the environment as emissions from the
combustion of fossil fuels and incineration of municipal wastes, as well as emissions from its
manufacture and use as a wood and leather preservative and biocide. Significant amounts may
result from the chlorination of phenol- containing wastewaters. Release to soil may decrease in
concentration due to biodegradation, depending upon the temperature, availability of oxygen and
the presence of appropriate organisms. Adsorption to soil will be significant in soils with high
organic content; leaching to groundwater may be significant in sandy soils and in soils where
biodegradation is not rapid. Volatilization and photomineralization may contribute to losses at the
surface of the soil. Releases to water will biodegrade, photolyze, and adsorb to sediments.
Volatilization from water may also contribute to losses. Although extensive bioaccumulation is
not expected, it is important in some species of fish and invertebrates. Release to the atmosphere
can decrease due to photolysis and reaction with hydroxyl radicals as well as wet and dry
deposition mechanisms. Human exposure will result from consumption of contaminated drinking
water and occupational or other contact associated with its use. Inhalation of air contaminated by
emissions from combustion of wastes and fossil fuels as well as occupational contact with
chlorinated phenol containing wastewater may also be significant sources of human exposure.
.
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| Environmental Fate | TERRESTRIAL FATE: If released on land, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-T) would be
subject to biodegradation, the rate of which will depend upon conditions, such as the temperature,
availability of oxygen, and the presence of appropriate organisms. Total degradation in soils in as
little as 3 days has been reported. No biodegradation was observed in soil under anaerobic
conditions or in sterile soil, although significant decreases were observed by an unidentified
mechanism. Moderate to extensive adsorption to soil would be expected, especially in soils with
high organic content. Therefore, substantial leaching to groundwater is not expected, except in
sandy soils where mobility may be significant, and in soils where rapid biodegradation does not
occur. The presence of 2,4,6-T in some samples of groundwater and relatively deep in soils near
pulp mills indicates that leaching through soil can be significant. Its fate in groundwater is
unknown. Volatilization and photomineralization on the soil surface may also be significant
mechanisms of loss whereas hydrolysis should not be a factor. .
AQUATIC FATE: If released in water, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol will be subject to appreciable
biodegradation; the average half-life for river water was 6.3 days, with the rate affected by the
amount of sediment present. It will not hydrolyze but will be subject to appreciable adsorption to
sediments. It would not be expected to appreciably bioaccumulate in most aquatic organisms,
although significant bioaccumulation in certain species has been reported. Significant
photodegradation near the surface is expected with a half-life of 2.1 hr reported . Volatilization
may also be significant with a half-life of 2 days reported from an experimental pool .
ATMOSPHERIC FATE: If released into the atmosphere, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (2,4,6-T) will be
subject to photodegradation with a half-life of less than 17 hr reported for the compound coated
on silica gel and irradiated with >290 nm light. Reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl
radicals will also contribute losses (estimated half-life of 2.7 days). Significant deposition in snow
is expected, and rainout as well as dry deposition may also be significant. Detection of 2,4,6-T in
relatively pristine areas suggests that significant transport is possible or that 2,4,6-T may be
formed in forest fires. .
Terrestrial Fate: Contamination of soil in the vicinity of two Finnish sawmills using preservative
(Ky-5) against blue-staining fungi that contained chlorophenols was studied. The soil around the
treatment basins contained up to 70 mg chlorophenols/kg and that in the storage area for treated
lumber up to 6 mg/kg. Contamination extended to a depth of at least 2 m near the treatment
basins. Surface water inside the sawmill area contained the same chlorophenols as those used in
wood preservation, plus some additional isomers. Chlorophenols
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| Drinking Water Impact | DRINKING WATER: Tap water; Janakka, Finland - 30 parts/trillion
2,4,6-trichlorophenol, Jyvaskyla, Finland - 14 parts/trillion . Identified in finished US drinking
water (not quantified)(2-4). Not detected in Dade County, FL drinking water (12 samples; lim
detection 0.2 ppb . Not detected in midwestern US city(6). Unspecified trichlorophenol isomers
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